Invitrogen™ Human GM-CSF Carrier-Free

GM-CSF (Granulocyte-Macrophage colony-stimulating factor) is a 14.6kDa hematopoietic growth factor that exists in glycosylated and non-glycosylated biologically active forms, and stimulates the development of granulocytes, macrophages, early megakaryocytes and eosinophil progenitor cells. The active form of the GM-CSF protein is found extracellularly as a homodimer and the GM-CSF gene has been localized to a cluster of related genes at chromosome region 5q31, which is known to be associated with interstitial deletions in the 5q-syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. Other genes in the cluster include those encoding interleukins 4, 5, and 13. The ability of recombinant GM-CSF to increase hematopoietic cell recovery has become a focus area in the therapeutic treatment of patients following bone marrow transplantation. Recent studies have investigated GM-CSF in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as arthritis, arthritis related interstitial lung disease, nephritis, and psoriasis. In the CNS, GM-CSF depletion or neutralization has been studied in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Description: Human GM-CSF (Granulocyte/Monocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor) is a differentially glycosylated factor produced mainly by activated T cells and macrophages. Endothelial cells and fibroblasts can also produce GM-CSF after exposure to TNF alpha, IL-1, IL-2 and IFN gamma. GM-CSF is found associated with extracellular matrix and in membrane-bound formats too. GM-CSF stimulates proliferation, activation and differentiation of macrophages and granulocytes and their progenitors. Applications Reported: Recombinant human GM-CSF is biologically active and can promote proliferation of the human TF-1 cell line in culture. Applications Tested: The ED50 of this protein, as measured by TF-1 cell proliferation assay, is less than or equal to 100 pg/mL. This corresponds to a specific activity of greater than or equal to 1 x 10e7 Units/mg. Source: E. coli expressed amino acids Ala18-Glu144 of mature human GMCSF accession &Num; NM_000758. Bioactivity: The ED50 of this protein, as measured by TF-1 cell proliferation assay, is less than or equal to 100 pg/mL. This corresponds to a specific activity of greater than or equal to 1 x 10e7 Units/mg. Endotoxin: Less than 0.01ng/ug cytokine as determined by the LAL assay. Purity: Greater than or equal to 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Molecular Weight: The protein is not methionylated at the N-terminal and has a predicted molecular mass of 14,478. The DTT reduced protein migrates as a 14 kDa polypeptide on SDS-PAGE. The non-reduced protein migrates as a 13 kDa polypeptide. Storage and handling: For best recovery, quick-spin vial prior to opening. Use in a sterile environment.