Human TGF beta 1, Invitrogen™

TGF beta-1 (TGFB1, Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1) is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines, found almost ubiquitously in tissues. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-b is stored in the extracellular matrix as a latent complex with its pro-domain. Activation of TGF beta-1 requires the binding of aV integrin to an RGD sequence in the prodomain and exertion of force on this domain, which is held in the extracellular matrix by latent TGF-b binding proteins. Latent forms are complexes of TGF beta-1, an amino-terminal portion of the TGF-beta precursor, designated TGF-LAP (TGF-latency associated peptide), and a specific binding protein, known as LTBP. TGF beta-1 helps regulates proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration in many cell types. Many cells have TGF beta receptors, and the protein positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. TGF beta-1 is cleaved into a latency-associated peptide and a mature TGF beta-1 peptide, and is found in either a latent form composed of a TGFB1 homodimer, a LAP homodimer, and a latent TGFB1-binding protein, or in an active form composed of a TGF beta-1 homodimer. The mature peptide may also form heterodimers with other TGF beta family members. The gene for TGF beta-1 is frequently upregulated in tumor cells, and mutations in this gene result in Camurati-Engelmann disease and cystic fibrosis. Description: Human TGF beta 1 (Transforming Growth Factor beta 1) is a member of a superfamily of homologous, disulfide-linked, homodimeric proteins that regulate the proliferation and differentiation of normal and transformed cells. Human TGF beta 1 is a 25 kDa protein with each subunit containing 112 aa residues. Applications Reported: Recombinant human TGF beta1 is biologically active and can inhibit IL-4 induced proliferation of mouse HT-2 cells. Recombinant human TGF beta1 is useful as an ELISA standard. Applications Tested: The ED50 of this protein, as measured by inhibition of IL-4 induced proliferation in HT-2 cells, is less than or equal to 40 pg/mL. This corresponds to a specific activity of greater than or equal to 2.5 x 10e7 Units/mg. Source: CHO cells expressed amino acids Ala279-Ser390; accession &Num;BC001180. Bioactivity: The ED50 of this protein, as measured by inhibition of IL-4 induced proliferation in HT-2 cells, is less than or equal to 40 pg/mL. This corresponds to a specific activity of greater than or equal to 2.5 x 10e7 Units/mg. Endotoxin: Less than 0.01ng/ug cytokine as determined by the LAL assay. Purity: >98% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Molecular Weight: Mature TGFb1 polypeptide has a predicted molecular mass of 12,794. On reducing SDS-PAGE the protein migrates as a 13 kDa polypeptide and on non-reducing SDS page the cystine-linked homodimer migrates as a 25 kDa protein. Storage and handling: For best recovery, quick-spin vial prior to opening. Use in a sterile environment. Purity: Greater than 90%, as determined by SDS-PAGE. Aggregation: Less than 10%, as determined by HPLC. Filtration: 0.2um post-manufacturing filtered.